Nearly all states require some form of parental or guardian consent for vaccine providers to administer Covid-19 shots to adolescents ages 12 to 15, a CNN analysis finds.
But there are a few exceptions. Five states — Alabama, Iowa, North Carolina, Oregon and Tennessee — either allow some ages in that group to consent for themselves or leave requirements up to individual vaccine providers.
CNN reached out to all 50 states about their laws regarding parental consent for vaccination of people age 12 to 15. The US Food and Drug Administration authorized the emergency use of Pfizer/BioNTech’s coronavirus in this age group in the United States on Monday. On Wednesday, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended using the vaccine in that age group. However, parental consent requirements for the vaccine fall under state law.
In North Carolina, teens can consent for themselves for Covid-19 vaccines “if they have the ability to understand and make decisions about their health," Bailey Pennington, a spokesperson for the state’s Department of Health and Human Services, told CNN in an email.
In two states — Alabama and Tennessee — teens 14 and older can be vaccinated without parental consent. In Oregon, children 15 and older may give consent without a parent or guardian.
In Iowa, individual health care providers or health systems consult with their legal counsel regarding requirements and documentation needed to administer Covid-19 vaccines.
Among the states that require parental consent to administer Covid-19 vaccines to ages 12 to 15, some noted rare exceptions to the requirement include if the person in that age group is married, pregnant or legally emancipated from their parents.
"The federal government does not actually govern over what kind of consent or assent you need for these teenagers," CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky said during a virtual event with The Economic Club of Washington, DC, on Thursday.
"Each person has to go to their state," she said. "Many places will say, 'Your parent doesn't need to be there, but your parent needs to have information or your parent needs to have signed off.' So, it really does vary by state."
A Kaiser Family Foundation poll in April – before a Covid-19 vaccine for young teens was authorized — found that 30% of parents of people ages 12 to 15 said they would get their child vaccinated right away, and 26% said they would wait a while. However, 18% said they would get their 12- to-15-year-old vaccinated against Covid-19 only if it was required by school and 23% said they definitely wouldn’t.
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